Advances in technology allow us to feel the benefits of the global network, to be connected everywhere and always, but at the same time, it opens up many questions and discussions.

In essence, most of the dilemmas about the 5G network and the technology stem from the misunderstanding of how it and electromagnetic fields work.

What are electromagnetic fields?

An electromagnetic field (EMF) is a physical field produced by stationary or moving particles with an electric charge. EMF is not a new phenomenon from the digital world, because electric and magnetic fields exist in nature as well. They propagate in the form of waves at the speed of light and transmit energy through that process. In the digital world, they come from a source, i.e., antenna, and thus allow us to use our mobile phones. However, the increase of the number of smartphones, tablets, laptops and many other connected devices has raised concerns that exposure to EMF can affect our health.

To better understand how EMF work, we need to know that they differ in their frequency. Electromagnetic waves with frequencies higher than the frequencies of the visible light are called "ionizing radiation" and they have so strong energy that they can change atoms and molecules. They are, for example, UV rays, X-rays and gamma rays. On the other hand, the electromagnetic waves that are used in order for our smartphones to function are in the frequency range far below the range of the visible light and are called "non-ionizing radiation". They are less powerful and cannot change atoms and molecules.

The introduction of 5G, the state-of-the-art standard for mobile networks, will bring a number of new functionalities and ways in which we use not only smartphones, but all the devices around us.

The electromagnetic fields used for mobile communications are not harmful to human health, and their use is regulated by legally established restrictions supported by the World Health Organization, ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) and the competent institutions in every country.

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